Batutuwa Na Musamman Akan Cutar Alade-Toxoplasmosis
Batutuwa Na Musamman Akan Cutar Alade-Toxoplasmosis
Bayani: Babban dalilin cutar toxoplasmosis shine Toxoplasma gondi, protozoan parasite na jinsin halittu Toxoplasma, wanda aka fi sani da Toxoplasma. Wannan parasite wani nau'in coccidian ne kuma an sanya masa suna saboda siffar jinjirin sa (baka). Toxoplasma yana da matakai daban-daban guda biyar a cikin zagayowar rayuwarsa: tachyzoites, cysts na nama, schizonts, gametocytes, da oocysts. Yana iya cutar da mutane da dabbobi da dama, ciki har da dabbobi masu shayarwa, tsuntsaye, da wasu dabbobi masu rarrafe masu jin sanyi, tare da rubuce-rubucen nau'ikan nau'ikan runduna sama da 200, suna mai da shi cutar parasitic zoonotic.
Toxoplasma bashi da sigar motsi na musamman amma yana iya motsi. Tachyzoites suna kula da zafin jiki da magungunan kashe kwayoyin cuta na yau da kullun kamar 1% Lysol ko 3% phenol, wanda zai iya kashe su a cikin minti ɗaya na haɗuwa. Nama cysts sun fi juriya, yayin da oocysts suna da matukar juriya ga acid, alkalis, da mafi yawan magungunan kashe kwayoyin cuta. Ko da 1% sulfuric acid ko 2.5% potassium dichromate ba zai iya hana oocysts ba. Duk da haka, oocysts suna da saukin kamuwa da zafi, desiccation, da ammonia.
Hanyoyin watsawa:
- Ciwon Haihuwa: Yaduwa yana faruwa lokacin da tayin ya kamu da cutar a cikin mahaifa daga uwa.
- Kamuwa da cuta: Kwayoyin cuta sun fi mamaye mai gida ta hanyar mucosa ko fata mai karye. Ciwon baki yana haifar da kamuwa da cuta ta mucosa na hanji. Hanyoyin gama gari sun haɗa da:
- Cutar cututtuka na narkewa
- Kamuwa da cuta kai tsaye
- Aerosol watsawa
- Sauran hanyoyin, kamar ƙarin jini, dashen gabobin jiki, ko yin rigakafin bazata yayin fallasa sana'a
Cutar takan faru akai-akai a cikin watanni masu zafi daga Mayu zuwa Oktoba kuma yana da tsanani sosai a cikin alade masu shekaru 3 zuwa 5 watanni.
Alamomin asibiti: Adadin cututtuka na iya wuce 60%, tare da adadin mace-mace har zuwa 64%, musamman mai tsanani a cikin alade masu nauyin kilogiram 10-50. Cutar ta kan ci gaba sosai. Alade da suka kamu da cutar suna nuna rashin jin daɗi kwatsam da zazzabi sama da 41 ° C, wanda zai iya ɗaukar kwanaki 7-10. Alamomin sun haɗa da numfashin naƙuda (tsayin ciki ko wurin zama-kare), serous ko purulent hanci da fitar ido, da kuma yawan maƙarƙashiya tare da najasa mai kama da pellet da aka rufe da gamsai. A cikin matakai na gaba, zawo da fitsari mai launin orange na iya faruwa. Ana ganin amai a wasu lokuta. Alade marasa lafiya suna nuna bacin rai da alamar rauni.
Alamun jijiya irin su gurguwar hanji na iya tasowa cikin kwanaki. Yayin da cutar ke ci gaba, akwai tabo mai ja-ja-jaya ko kuma zubar jini na petechial akan kunnuwa, hanci, gaɓoɓi, cinyoyin ciki, da ƙananan ciki. Scabs na iya samuwa a kan kunnuwa, kuma necrosis a cikin kunnen kunne zai iya faruwa. Mutuwa yawanci tana fitowa ne daga damuwa na numfashi da raguwar zafin jiki. Shuka masu ciki sukan fuskanci zubar da ciki ko haihuwa. Wasu aladu suna kamuwa da chorioretinitis ko ma makanta. Idan aladu sun tsira daga mummunan lokaci, za su iya shiga wani yanayi na yau da kullun tare da alamu masu laushi kawai kamar rashin ci da gajiya, a ƙarshe su zama aladu masu tsinke.
Jiyya: Ana amfani da Sulfonamides don magani:
●Sulfadiazine (SD) 70 mg / kg tare da pyrimethamine 6 mg / kg, ana gudanar da baki sau biyu a rana (kashi na farko sau biyu) na kwanaki 3-5.
●Sulfamethoxypyridazine (SMM) 60 mg/kg, allurar intramuscular sau ɗaya kowace rana don kwanaki 3-5.
●Potentiated sulfonamide (dauke da 2% trimethoprim) 0.2 ml, intramuscular allura sau daya a rana don 3-5 days.
● Sulfamonomethoxine (SMZ) 100 mg / kg, ana gudanar da baki sau ɗaya kowace rana don kwanaki 2-3.
Hana kuliyoyi shiga alkalan alade, kuma ma'aikatan gona yakamata su guji hulɗa da kuliyoyi. Kada ku ciyar da aladu danyen nama.
Rigakafin: Tunda toxoplasmosis yafi lalacewa ta hanyar shigar da oocysts daga najasar cat, yana da mahimmanci a hana kuliyoyi shiga gidajen alade da hana gurbata abinci da ruwa tare da najasar cat, ko dai kai tsaye ko a kaikaice. Kula da rodent shima yana da mahimmanci. Yawancin magungunan kashe kwayoyin cuta ba su da tasiri a kan oocysts, amma maganin tururi ko zafi na iya kashe su. Dabbobin da suka gwada rashin lafiyar serologically don toxoplasmosis yakamata a yi amfani dasu don kiwo. Dabbobi suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen yaɗuwar toxoplasmosis, kuma ya kamata a ba da isasshen kulawa.
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